Ramos Emmanuel Mabugu is currently a Professor of Economics at Sol Plaatje University in South Africa. Mabugu earned his Ph.D. in economics from Gothenburg University and has written widely on economics and economic policy in leading academic economic journals, books, and popular press. He has been a consultant for many international organizations as well as advising governments on economic matters. Prior to joining Sol Plaatje University, Mabugu headed the research and policy division at the Financial and Fiscal Commission and lectured at the Universities of Pretoria and Zimbabwe having started his early career as a banker with Standard Bank. His research interests are Gender & women’s empowerment, Poverty and inequality, Fiscal policy, Labour markets and employment, Social Protection, Agriculture and food security, and Climate change.