Experts in climate change have long stressed the need for a transfer of environmentally friendly technologies from developed to developing countries to help the latter adopt a low-carbon development path. It is typically argued that the spillover of resource-conserving technologies will reduce resource use in both developing and developed economies and hence potentially “save the world”. Policy-makers have seized upon these simple conclusions to advocate straightforward policy prescriptions, such as “the importance of technology improvements, advanced technologies, and….induced technological change for achieving the stabilization targets….” (IPPC 2007). The problem is of course that the interaction between technological choices and environmental policy is not as simple or straightforward as this. Indeed, the manner in which regulated agents (consumers or industries) respond to technological change varies considerably. For this reason, the ultimate outcome of technology-focused policies is highly indeterminate.